Underground roads or channels driven through the ground without disturbing the underlying soil or rock cover are known as tunnels. Tunnels are built for a variety of reasons and are classed as such. Traffic Tunnels, Hydropower tunnels and public utility tunnels are the most common type of tunnels. Tunnels can be used for a range of infrastructure projects, from building roads or pipelines through tough terrain to freeing up precious surface space in densely populated places. In recent years, the increasing growth of urban areas has prompted governments all over the world to give more thought to upfront investment in tunneling projects in order to promote more efficient use of surface space and acknowledge the considerable benefits to society as a whole.